sorry that I'm answering this so late. I thought about it and I was worried that I can say only obvious things and guesswork. (notation: all cohomology groups are étale unless mentioned otherwise)
(Some basics since you say that you don't know Galois cohomology)
I'll cheat a bit and first talk about $H^2(\mathrm{Spec}(k),\Bbb G_m)$ where $k$ is a field. This étale cohomology group is naturally isomorphic to the Brauer group $Br(k)$ which can be defined very concretely via (non-commutative) centrally simple algebras over $k$.