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1:00 PM
Yeah
 
Blowup is a nice local construction. I spent days trying to understand it, and it felt great when I actually did.
 
So any comment on my Euler sequence map?
 
OK, let me read it.
 
The spirit is definitely correct, but I don't know if I wrote it down correctly.
 
What's the version of Euler sequence you're working on? Mine is $0 \to O(-1) \to \Bbb C^{n+1} \to T\Bbb P^n \otimes O(-1) \to 0$.
 
1:04 PM
I twist by $O(1)$
 
Can you please write down the sequence you have in mind explicitly?
 
Just twist yours by $O(1)$, so tensor everything by $O(1)$
 
Ah, got it.
 
$0\to \mathcal O\to\bigoplus_{j=0}^n \mathcal O(1) \to \mathcal T_{\Bbb P^n}\to 0$
 
You're proving $T\Bbb P^n$ is stably isomorphic to direct sum of a bunch of $O(1)$. Got it.
Let's see what your map is now then.
 
1:07 PM
If it splits, I guess?
But the Euler sequence doesn't split
 
I meant topologically :)
 
What do you mean by topologically? I'm not so well-versed in the terminology...
 
It splits as real bundles. Don't worry about it.
 
Oh, right okay.
 
I am just translating your thing in the way I find it easier to parse, because I am more comfortable there.
What's $\hat{z}$ in what you wrote?
 
1:13 PM
$z/|z|$
 
OK, I see.
 
What I don't like is that somehow it feels like if I can use a normalized version of $\hat z$ I shouldn't need to keep track of the norm of $z$ at all, making the twist unnecessary---which would be wrong.
But I don't see a real problem with the actual map I wrote down...
 
What does the norm of $z$ have to do with the twist? I don't see your objection.
 
What if I'd just say I map $([z],v)\mapsto d_{\hat z}\pi(v)$, eliminating the dependence on the norm of the representative by always picking the norm-1 one? Is it somehow not possible to keep track of the norm of the representative of $[z]$?
 
I doubt that's a smooth map.
 
1:22 PM
@BalarkaSen Hmm... But you think the one I wrote down is okay?
 
Yes, I do.
It seems fine.
 
coolbeans
 
user189740
Hello,

Basic statistics question.

I am trying to figure out how I can begin to solve a probability that is setup as

$P(X = k | X + Y = n)$ where $X$ and $Y$ are independent.

I am trying to figure out if I can infer something just from $P(X | X + Y) = \frac{P(X \cap X + Y)}{P(X + Y)}$
 
user189740
Is there some property that I can leverage. I thought that maybe we know that the probability of $X$ given $X + Y$ would always be at least 1
 
1:50 PM
@BalarkaSen So how is your analysis going? What stuff are you doing?
 
Did some cool analysis today.
Conformal maps, etc.
 
Complex analysis? Nice
I wish I knew more about it
 
Yeah, complex analysis. It's a nice branch of mathematics.
 
Are you following a book?
 
Yes. Stein-Shakarchi mostly.
 
1:54 PM
A professor here is doing a seminar on "special topics in complex analysis" this semester... Could be cool if I had time to spare!
 
Nice.
 
A four-book series!
 
I'm doing the complex analysis book.
 
@BalarkaSen it's an interesting choice of ordering of the volumes
 
The running theme in their books is Fourier analysis, yes.
Also I agree with their choice of ordering of complex analysis and real analysis.
 
2:09 PM
Heh, really?
 
Real analysis is drier than complex, yes (from whatever I have studied of both and what people - actual analysts - have told me)
 
Yeah man
Whenever I tried to read a bit, it got SO boring :P
 
Does somebody happen to know the fourier transform of $\frac1{p_1^2-p_2^2+m^2}$ in off the top of their head?
Mathematica can't do it.. :(
 
2:34 PM
Morning @MikeMiller
 
morning
 
Saw your message. Interesting that there are no counterexamples over spheres.
 
@s.harp The Fourier transform of $1/|p|^2$ is $1/|x|$, if that helps
 
At least in a specific dimension.
 
Woops, of course---in $\Bbb R^3$!
I assumed $\Bbb R^3$ because that thing looked like a propagator in quantum field theory, where the momenta $p$ are vectors in $\Bbb R^3$
 
2:40 PM
I am not sure anymore if that comment was directed to me or Danu.
 
lol
 
Wait, it wasn't at me?
Surprisingly accurate, then!
No, it has to be at me :P
 
What is meant by $\frac{\partial(x, y)}{\partial(u,v)}$ if we have a function $\mathbf{r}(u,v)$?
 
I don't see what you mean by "in a specific dimension", because we're fixing the dimension of the base sphere (assuming of course that it was to me and not Danu).
 
Does that mean to sum the partial derivatives of u and v with regards to x and y?
 
2:47 PM
@Lozansky jacobian matrix
 
@BalarkaSen It has to be at me :P
 
okay thanks arctic tern
 
@Danu Shrug.
 
3:08 PM
@BalarkaSen I demanded n-disc bundle, not k-disc bundle.
 
Ah. I am already assuming rank of the bundle is dimension of the base for simplicity, hence the confusion.
 
Hello all
@MikeMiller What would you say is the significance of the following result in Holomorphic Functional Calculus:
If $a \in \mathcal{A}:= \text{Banach Algebra}$ and $f \in \mathcal{Hol}(a)$. Then $$\sigma(f(a)) = f(\sigma(a)).$$
 
Why me?
In any case, let's start easier. What's the significance of the continuous function calculus for normal operators?
 
How is the derivative applied in the inverse function Theorem's Left hand side?
 
My lecture note says $(rs)^{t}/r^{t}=(rs)^{t}(1/r)^{-t}$ for real number $t$. Shouldn't it be $(rs)^{t}(1/r)^{t}$?
 
3:20 PM
@MikeMiller I discussed operator theory with you some time ago so I assumed you might know. We are being presented with Banach Algebra definitions and theorems and then Holomorphic Functional Calculus and then Continuous Function Calculus...We have not covered Continuous Function Calculus yet.
 
@ItachíUchiha Eh? Can you elaborate what you mean by that?
 
OK, that might be easier to understand. But, for instance, the holomorphic functional calculus allows you to say that you can take power series of operators and their spectrum behaves like you would expect it to.
I vaguely remember it being useful when working with resolvents of compact operators.
But I think I told you before I'm hardly expert at this.
 
If f(x) and g(x) are inverse function, f'(g(x))=1/g'(x)

What does the left hand side means? umm,,Derivative of f(g(x))?

@BalarkaSen
 
Continuous functional calculus vs. holomorphic one.
 
It means derivative of f at the point g(x).
 
3:25 PM
@MikeMiller I just want an idea of the importance. You are referring to result which states: If $f \in \text{Hol}(\sigma(a))$ then $f(z) = \sum c_k(z- \lambda)^k$ and $f(a) = \sum c_k(a- \lambda)^k$.
What do you mean their spectrum behaves like you want it to.?
 
Anyone please answer my question?
 
Eh, I'm just not going to be the right person to answer this.
Maybe @Frank?
 
I want to ask a question about math PhDs in Europe. Is it obligatory to teach in the PhD life? Or is there any requirement to correct students' answers?
No, I'm now more deviating from analysis.
 
@MikeMiller Okay no prob :)
 
I only remember that I took a course in functional analysis the last year and it contained some kind of continuous functional analysis to prove spectral theorem.
 
3:29 PM
@BalarkaSen Thank you very much. :)
 
@Alex Try posting on main, then. There are some very good operator theorists who post there.
 
@MikeMiller Yeah will do.
 
The main thing I remember the continuous functional calculus being used for is to show that positive operators have a unique square root.
unique positive sqrt at least
@FrankScience Try asking iwriteonbananas, who is in a Masters in Europe and might have some insight.
You're in China, right?
 
Now I am in France. But I have no idea where to go next.
 
iwrite hasn't been here for a while.
 
3:32 PM
I see. Are you finishing a masters?
 
This year, I hope.
 
Good luck with that and the application process.
 
Thanks. It heavily depends on what I can do this year, I mean, the research work.
 
Yeah, I understand. What are you thinking about?
 
What do you mean by thinking about?
about the research work?
 
3:37 PM
Yes, since you said you were moving away from analysis.
 
Now I'm still taking courses, but the next semester I will finish a thesis, otherwise I cannot graduate.
I never work in analysis. I just meant that this year, as far as I foresee, I will take no course in analysis and what I'm studying is far away from analysis.
 
Fair enough.
 
But the courses that I took in this semester are still very fundamental.
About sheaves and schemes.
Something that I heard of before, but the professor starts with abstract constructions.
 
Sup Mike and Balarka
 
I am fighting against these abstract concepts.
 
3:42 PM
@iwriteonbananas Speak of the devil.
 
@iwriteonbananas Hello, are you studying in Europe?
 
Yes sir, you too?
 
Yes, and perhaps I need to learn something about PhD life.
 
Where are you from?
 
I'm from China and now I'm studying in France.
 
3:45 PM
Cool, when did you arrive?
 
I don't know whether PhD students are obliged to participate in teaching just like in the U.S.
The last year.
 
my french is a little rusty. in the following, are they saying that $X$ is demanded to be finite, or that the assumption is guaranteed when $X$ is finite?
6) pour tout $x \in X$, $\rho(x)$ est une immersion (ce qui est une conséquence de a) si K est de caractéristique 0 et $X$ de dimension finie.
 
What is $X$?
 
Where I've been they force PhD students to do at least some teaching. Usually TA'ing of some sort.
 
a manifold
 
3:47 PM
de dimension finie == of finite dimension
I think
But my French isn't competent for teaching.
 
Gotcha, no worries.
 
I doubt whether I'm of A2 level in listening/speaking.
That's impossible to teach.
@iwriteonbananas Where are you studying now?
 
@FrankScience Don't worry too much about it, I would imagine that if you talk to your prof about that you can avoid teaching for a while until you've honed your English skills sufficiently
 
@Danu thanks for the comment, I am in $\mathbb R^2$ ;), here Fourier transforming massless boson propagators $1/p^2$ gives some problems for some reason that cannot be normalised away, to understand that I wanted to see what the Fourier transform of $1/(p^2+m^2)$ looks lie
 
@iwriteonbananas PhD in Denmark?
 
3:54 PM
No, master's degree.
You too?
 
Maybe another problem is about the funding.
Me too for what?
Oh, I'm in M2 now.
 
What's M2?
 
The second year of the master.
 
@MikeMiller @BalarkaSen give me some probblem related vector bundle.
 
Ah, I see, maybe in Germany or Demark they don't follow that scheme.
Eh, they speak English?
 
3:58 PM
The master programs there are also 2 years
 
OK, because I heard that there is another system in Germany.
 
It's all in English, yeah.
 
Diplom or something
 
No, they got rid of that a few years ago.
 
Even not in Leipzig?
 
4:00 PM
Everywhere in Germany, yes.
 
OK.
Do you have scholarship?
or fundings
 
No, but I can study for free in these countries since I am an EU citizen.
Not sure if it's free for you, being from China?
 
Eh, but you need to pay for administration.
and living costs
 
That's true.
 
approx 200 euros for administration (I registered in two schools, so 400 euros), and 200 for social assurance.
per year
but the living cost is very high
Now I get scholarship and I book a room which is very cheap.
It won't be so for PhDs.
 
4:06 PM
Great. Where are you considering doing the PhD? In France?
 
I am not sure.
So I'm inquiring for info.
Well, apparently
where I go
that depends on the research field I'm working in.
 
Certainly
 
For example, if I'm working in a field which is only hot in France, then I must stay in France.
The funding in France is relatively lower. I doubt whether it's enough to cover the living cost.
 
@Anubhav Don't have anything interesting off the top of my head that you don't already know.
Perhaps Mike does.
 
@BalarkaSen ok, then will wait for mike...
Then I should go for some study
byee...talk to you in ningt
 
4:11 PM
Byes.
@iwriteonbananas What'sup?
 
In general, I think that Bonn is renowned for its mathematical department in Germany.
 
I don't know what you'd like me to say. You could understand vector bundles over spheres, and classify vector bundles over $S^n$, $n \leq 4$.
 
@BalarkaSen Tired. Exhausted.
About to fix dinner. You?
@FrankScience Yea, Bonn is good but I wouldn't be too keen on living in there
 
@iwriteonbananas Having dinner.
Also tired, I spent a quarter of today doing analysis.
 
What kind of analyss?
 
4:14 PM
Complex.
 
What's wrong with Bonn?
 
@FrankScience Yes, it's great
Bonn is really quite small and sorta shabby for a German city, but I think it has some charm
I spent a few days there recently for a conference
It's also one of the places I would like most to go to for a PhD ^^
 
I went to Hausdorffzenter or something similar
 
Bonn is small and boring and Germany in general is very formal
 
Germen is hard to learn but if they speak English...
 
4:19 PM
@iwriteonbananas Germany isn't that great, I agree :\
But one gets used to it
 
Nowhere is that great.
It only depends on tastes.
 
@Danu True, true
 
Amsterdam is pretty great
Not for mathematics, though :P
 
I love buying drugs in Amsterdam
 
I don't know whether there are pervasive fundings for PhDs in Germany.
or how much
 
4:22 PM
@FrankScience I know the situation in theoretical high energy physics better, but there's pretty little funding.
 
Sorry, I'm not sure about that either
 
is that enough for living costs.
 
The people that do get spots get around 1.3k after taxes or so
in Munich
 
1300 euros?
 
4:22 PM
(Points interior and exterior of the loop do matter...?)
 
That's easily enough to cover living costs, but probably not enough to live in a decent apartment; you'll probably need to settle for a student room.
@FrankScience Yeah
 
What do you mean by "decent"?
10 m^2 or 5 m^2, say
 
Having a separate kitchen, bathroom, sleeping room and being in a 5km radius of uni, or so?
 
@Secret If you want a homeomorphism of the ambient $\Bbb R^2$, then yes.
 
A room of 15-25 m^2 can be found for between 350 and 700 euros
But then you'll not have a full apartment for your own
Apartments are usually like 1k+
This is Munich, by the way!
Housing prices wildly vary from city to city
I suspect Bonn is cheaper
 
4:24 PM
I know.
 
Those two pictures are homeomorphic, just that none of those are restrictions of homeomorphisms R^2 --> R^2
 
Though that might also imply lower PhD pay...
 
I heard that in Paris, usually 600+ euros for a 10 m^2 room.
 
Bonn isn't that expensive
 
about 15km - 20km, not 5 km
 
4:25 PM
How does one prove that $\forall a, b, c, d \in \mathbb{R}, \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d} \Leftrightarrow \frac{a+c}{b+d}=\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}$
 
Paris is terrible, of course.
 
from the center
I am in Paris.
 
Can get a decent place in Bonn for 500-700 Euros
 
Okay, so if you can get 1.3k pay then you can live decently in Bonn :)
 
I heard that they get 1200 in Paris without teaching, maybe.
I seriously doubt whether it's enough to cover living costs
 
4:28 PM
@BalarkaSen Hmm, I found this very nonintuitive. In fact, when I saw that question, I immediately think of that homeomorphism mentioned in the bottom paragraph, and then the paragraph told me that this $f$ is actually kinda piecemeal function. (because $q\in Q$ is split into 3 cases). I never have any thoughts that resemble the top paragraph, perhaps I might be overlooking something
 
apart from a room, you need to eat.
Most mathematical centers in France are around Paris.
 
Paris would be really great for mathematics...
 
But one needs to live first.
 
Yeah :(
I don't think I'd enjoy living in Paris as a (PhD) student
 
Do you consider England?
Instead of getting paid, you will pay there.
 
4:33 PM
Yeah, I'm considering everything...
Oh, really?
 
@BalarkaSen Hmm ,let me think, is it because if I attempt to just deform the letter Q into that O< thing I must have one segment to pass through the loop and this is where the f will fail to be bijective for the case where homeomorphism of the ambient $\mathbb{R}^2$ is wanted?
 
as far as I've heard.
 
user116211
@Danu yeh, dude; Bourbaki flourished here!
 
@Danu Maybe this is a table for prices.
 
@FrankScience That's really shocking
 
4:43 PM
They afford fundings, but I don't know even whether the funding could cover the tuition fees, not mentioning the living costs.
 
@Secret Yes. That is the right intuition.
 
ok
 
5:01 PM
@BalarkaSen So, in blowing up along a linear subspace $\Bbb C^m\subset \Bbb C^{n+1}$, is there a nice way to see that $\sigma^{-1}(\Bbb C^m)=\Bbb P(\mathcal N_{\Bbb C^m/\Bbb C^{n+1}})$, where $\sigma$ is the projection of the blowup to $\Bbb C^{n+1}$?
In my pictures, I'm just drawing $\Bbb R^2$ with $\Bbb R=\{y=0\}$ as the subspace
 
Did you try it for a point?
 
Yeah, that's easy
But I gain no intuition about why it SHOULD be $\Bbb P(N)$
The problem is that it's too simple: Clearly $\sigma^{-1}(0)$ is $\Bbb P^{n}$
And that this is also equal to $\Bbb P(N)$ seems more like a happy coincidence
It's not hard for me to find $\sigma^{-1}(x)$ for some $x\in\Bbb C^m$
But putting them all together is what's causing me trouble
 
$\Bbb P^n$ is not the same thing as $\Bbb P T_p \Bbb C^{n+1}$.
 
@BalarkaSen I never said that
 
It's easy to see why it's the former, but not why it's the latter.
I mean, they are obviously homeomorphic.
 
5:05 PM
In the case of a point, $N=\Bbb C^{n+1}$
In case of a subspace, $N=\Bbb C^{n-m+1}$
 
What I meant to say is that saying "preimage of $0$ is just a copy of $\Bbb P^n$" is not equivalent to understanding it's $\Bbb PN$
 
As I said, I have no problem understnading the preimage ofa singel point
How it pieces together when I vary over the points $\Bbb C^m$ is what's hard for me
God, all the typos
 
Do you understand why blowup replaces a point by (point, directions)?
That's what I meant by understanding for a point aka $m = 0$.
Once you do that you shouldn't have trouble seeing it for higher $m$, is why I am asking you.
@Danu Still there?
 
hi
 
Hi.
 
5:14 PM
@Danu seems to be working a lot o.o
 
He's a complex geometer now.
I want to work a lot too but nonmathematical stuff gets in the way.
 
@BalarkaSen It's not?
 
They are abstractly the same, but knowing a fiber is $\Bbb P^n$ tells nothing about the geometry of the blowup near the point.
Aka, it doesn't tell why it's $\Bbb P T_p \Bbb C^{n+1}$.
 
Shrug.
The construction of the blow-up tells you that.
I.e., the incidence variety.
 
@BalarkaSen Not in that language
I was explaining it to my friends to get some help
 
5:18 PM
Ah, talking to friends — always dangerous.
 
@mercio Neh :P I just ask a lot
 
@Danu That's what you should understand.
 
As far as I understand, a point is just replaced by $\Bbb P^n$
 
How is it replaced by $\Bbb P^n$?
What is an nbhd of the point replaced by?
 
Yes, but Balarka is right that the construction shows you that you're getting limiting tangent directions.
 
5:20 PM
The two questions above are the most important bits to think about, IMHO.
 
@BalarkaSen $\sigma^{-1}(0)=\Bbb P^n$
 
No, I mean, how? What is the geometry of $\sigma$ near $0$?
 
@BalarkaSen Yeah, this is trickier---Huybrechts doesn't do the geometric thing yet
@BalarkaSen No, but that's true, no?
 
It is true. But I am saying, it tells you nothing of the construction.
 
Every ray in $\Bbb C^{n+1}$ hits zero
@BalarkaSen It's very intuitive for me
 
5:21 PM
Line, not ray ... no such thing as a complex ray.
 
Line-through-zero
 
@Danu Right, so you replace 0 by (0, line through 0)
 
I call that ray---is that bad?
 
That's the P^n.
 
Ah, sure
 
5:22 PM
Now note that you don't need all of the line. Just a direction, because it's a local construction. Line through 0 in T_0 C^{n+1}, in the tangent space.
 
I was alreayd wondering why you were going on about tangent spaces
 
Obviously they are equivalent in C^{n+1} because there is a canonical isom with the whole thing with any tangent space there...
 
I'm really sorry, I have to bail for now, but I'll be back in about 3-4 hours and I would love to talk more about it.
 
Sure. Probably Ted would do a better job than me though.
Hi @Ted, btw.
 
What is the name of Spivak's topology book?
 
5:32 PM
Hi @Bala
 
Hi @Krijn
 
I'm reading some pretty interesting maths at the moment
Number Theory in Function Fields
 
@Krijn Oh, cool stuff
Tell me something interesting
 
I've just started it though
But you can translate a lot of elementary number theory into statements about function fields
Where the function field is over a finite field
So there's an equivalent to FLT and Wilson's Theorem and such
 
True
What's the function field equivalent to FLT?
 
5:43 PM
$a^{|P| - 1} \equiv 1 \mod P$ where $a \in A$ and $P$ is an irreducible monic polynomial
$A = \mathbb{F}[T]$
 
oh "L" means little. lol
 
Ah, yeah, sorry, that's bad notation really
 
And by equivalent you mean analog, not another statement which is equivalent to it, I suppose
 
Ah yes, of course
And there's an analog for the Riemann Hypothesis
Which is proven :D
 
Interesting
 
5:52 PM
Very much so.
My topic for my thesis might be somewhere in this stuff
 
Good choice
 
@TobiasKildetoft which one is the standard spivak topology text?
https://www.amazon.com/s?ie=UTF8&page=1&rh=n%3A226700%2Cp_lbr_one_browse-bin%3AMichael%20Spivak
 
@Secret No idea
 
@Secret Those are differential geometry books, not topology.
 
I tried to google for it and all I get is diff geom books
 
5:59 PM
He wrote 5 books on Diff Geom? ._.
 
The only MSE that pop in in google mention about it, but it only say it is a standard topology text. I presume it is well known. The problem is I don't know about it thus without the name I cannot find it
 
WNG
He just wrote the first and the last, the others are generated through finite differences
 
@WNG Do you know the name of that spivak topology book that everyone is taking about?
 
WNG
not at all sry I don't even know Diff Geom as the approximative character of my joke can attest
 
ok nvm
 
WNG
6:12 PM
the number of reviews on Amazon leads me to believe that it's the one in 5 volumes
but I should probably not make assumptions that broad on a mathematic chat
 
6:37 PM
Hi! Following yesterday's discussion, I have two more little question about "spoken math in english" (non native english speaker here).
How do you pronounce $x \in \mathcal{R}$ ?
"x belongs to r" ?
"x belongs to the set of real numbers" ?
 
@Basj depends on the rest of the sentence
often just "x in R"
 
Can we just pronounce "R" like the letter?
 
ok fine!
 
or you can say something like "x is a real" or "x is real" or "x is a real number"
 
6:42 PM
but in order to denote the set itself, do we say just r (in french yes, but I was not sure in english)
 
I say "ex in Arr" if I'm talking to math people and "ex in the reals" or "ex is real" if I'm talking to non-math people.
 
@MissMonicaE thanks!
 
good evening everybody
 
A last similar "math english" question:
1/2 + 1/3. We need to (...) to write it like this: 3/6 + 2/6 = 5/6
(in French we would say "put to the same denominator" but this is non correct in english)
How would you say that?
 
"match up the denominators", perhaps.
 
6:54 PM
rewrite with a common denominator? Or something like that I suppose
 
That's how I say it often "write with a common denominator" but was afraid of a bad translation from french
But finally it seems correct, thanks!
 
@TobiasKildetoft Just started my MsC, still doing courses. Skimming some papers when I have the energy to do so.
 
@AndrewThompson Nice
 

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