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12:56 AM
Does anybody know if there is a LaTeX code for the inner product brackets?
Just typing $<u,v>$ is getting me weird spacing
Or maybe that's the way it's supposed to look...
 
@SujaanKunalan try \langle and \rangle: $\langle x, y\rangle$
 
@Ian: Thanks, that works great!
 
 
7 hours later…
7:53 AM
Greetings
 
@r9m hillo.
 
8:43 AM
guys, i have a square matrix $A$ then does $A^{k+1} = A\times A^k$ or $A^{k+1} = A^k \times A$ ?
 
9:00 AM
Let $(x_n)_{n\ge1}$, $x_1>0$, defined by the recurrence $x_{n+1}=\arctan(x_n)$. Compute
$$\lim_{n\to\infty} \sqrt{n} x_n$$
This is a really cute, easy question.
 
9:21 AM
It's nicer to define it like that
 
9:32 AM
Hello people
I have a mind puzzle about infinity
 
Use Stolz @Chris'ssis
 
@chinamath yeah. I mentioned it's easy (well, very easy).
@chinamath I have a limit for you.
@chinamath $$ \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{(2^n+1)(2^n+3)\cdots (2^{n+1}+1)}{(2^n)(2^{n}+2)\cdots (2^{n+1})}$$ without Stirling or other special functions.
@chinamath I look at it and know the answer. How I did it?
 
why without striling?
 
@chinamath Because Stirling it's an overkill. No need for Stirling. You can do it without pen and paper.
 
can you interesting my problem?
9
Q: How prove that $\lim\limits_{x\to+\infty}f(x)=\lim\limits_{x\to+\infty}f'(x)=0$ if $\lim\limits_{x\to+\infty}([f'(x)]^2+f^3(x))=0$?

china mathQuestion: Let $f$ be differentiable on $[0,+\infty)$, such as$$\lim_{x\to+\infty}\left([f'(x)]^2+f^3(x)\right)=0$$show that $$\lim_{x\to\infty}f(x)=\lim_{x\to\infty}f'(x)=0$$ I think this problem is similar to this link and (the background) For my problem I guess that if $$\lim_{x\to+\in...

 
9:46 AM
@chinamath If I'm not wrong, this was given on an international competition for students. Shouldn't you mention that?
 
WTF @ the suggested edit to this question: math.stackexchange.com/questions/885400/integral-of-frac11e-x. Removes LaTeX and rewords things for no good reason.
As far as I'm concerned that's bordering on vandalism. It's certainly not useful.
 
@Chris'ssis,No,I have this competition all problem and I can't found it.
 
Great. And now some moron approved H.D.'s edit
 
@kahen two, actually - you can see who here
 
@chinamath a limit from the highschool textbook. Maybe you like it and want to compute it. $$\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{\sqrt[n]{(2n+1)(2n+4)\cdots(5n-2)}}{n}$$
 
9:56 AM
Use integral...
 
@chinamath How?
 
or striling
 
@chinamath Students in highschool don't know much about Stirling, but those from special classes.
 
you know $x=e^{ln{x}}?$
 
@chinamath Maybe.
 
9:58 AM
and $\int_{0}^{1}f(x)dx=\lim_{n\to\infty}\dfrac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n}f(i/n)$
kill it
$$e^{\lim_{n\to\infty}\dfrac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n}\ln{(2+\dfrac{3i-2}{n})}}$$ and the use integral
 
@chinamath It works, but you don't even need to use integrals.
 
yes,and can use Stolz lemma
or can use $\ln{(1+x)}\approx x$
 
@chinamath How do you use Stolz lemma here?
 
oh,It's ugly.sorry
because $1/n$ change $1/(n+1)$
 
@chinamath Yes.
 
10:28 AM
this limit have close form?
 
@chinamath wait a second to check something ...
@chinamath Yeah, it's the correct version. It has a very nice closed form. $$\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{(2^{2^n}+1)(2^{2^n}+3)\cdots (2^{2^n+1}+1)}{(2^{2^n})(2^{2^n}+2)\cdots (2^{2^n+1})}$$
@chinamath this is a limit I created last days.
 
is this?
 
@chinamath Yeah, sure.
 
have some special function?
 
@chinamath it only requires some basic manipulations, no need for any special formula, function.
 
10:39 AM
I know $(1+1/2)(1+1/2^2)(1+1/2^4)……$
we only $(1-1/2)
but your can't use this mthods
methods
you mean this ? are you sure?
 
@chinamath highly sure :-)
 
I can't it,
 
@chinamath did you even try it?
 
I guess is $1$?
 
@chinamath It's $\sqrt{2}$
 
10:47 AM
oh!
I kown this often use theta function
 
@chinamath Can you do it using theta function?
 
I was horrified by the results!
 
@chinamath Which result you mean?
 
and Now I can't solve it,and have any idea
I ask other people?
 
@chinamath No, I don't wanna post my questions on main (rarely it happens to do that).
 
10:54 AM
because I think this reslut can't true?
the wolfamalpha can't find this limit
 
@chinamath Do you think that my result is not true? That limit is my own creation ... it's $\sqrt{2}$
 
can I ask other to be sure?
 
@chinamath ask here, not on main.
 
why?
 
@chinamath I intend to add these questions to a book I wanna plan publish in the future.
 
10:59 AM
but why tell us to here?
 
@chinamath Well, here is just a simple chat, not main, a big difference.
 
I was interesting this problem,maybe I can't this theta function have such closed form,second,I fell this reslut is not true
I Kown stackexchange have many much math
so I have post it,sorry,
because I know this problem is tue or not ture,if true,and I want know how prove it,
because I can't use this $(x+y)(x-y)=x^2-y^2$
 
@chinamath Usually I would have been very upset for this post, but I understand your deep desire for finding the result of this limit. So, it's OK. Though, I hope you won't post any other question of mine on main. :-)
 
11:14 AM
Is this the digamma function?
$$\frac{\pi^2}{6} = \lim_{s\to 0} \, \frac{s (\psi ^{(0)}(s)+\gamma )+1}{s^2}$$
Mathematica:
Limit[(1 + s*(EulerGamma + PolyGamma[0, s]))/s^2, s -> 0]
 
@MatsGranvik yeah, this is the digamma function - $\psi ^{(0)}(s)$.
 
@Chris'ssis Do you know how to get to Zeta(3) with the PolyGamma function?
I don't.
 
@MatsGranvik sure. You find here the relation between zeta function and polygamma function. - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygamma_function
 
11:41 AM
Hello! Help me please, what is the meromorphic function on a Riemann surface $X$ with values in $\mathbb C^2$? Is it the holomorphic map from $X$ to $\mathbb CP^2$?
 
@chinamath You felt the result is wrong, and now you see it's true and easy to prove. :-)
 
yes,see other solution,I fell is very easy...
 
11:57 AM
@chinamath I told you ...
 
r9m
12:17 PM
@Sawarnik Hello imp .. :P
@Chris'ssis How on earth did you come up with that $x^x$ integral ineq ? :-) .. btw did anyone give a solution to that ?
 
@r9m Yeah. I have a solution to that. :-)
 
r9m
@Chris'ssis (-_-) yeah ! .. but apart from you ? :P
 
@r9m Apart from me? I don't know anyone else doing that.
 
r9m
@Chris'ssis okay .. :) .. my holidays are over (back to hell) :|
 
@r9m What is that hell? :-) My inequality? :D
@r9m maybe sos might help there.
 
r9m
12:25 PM
@Chris'ssis I was referring my uni of course :P ..
 
@r9m lol ... I thought you were referring to my question ... ;)
 
r9m
@Chris'ssis is it that hard ?!! :o
 
@r9m back to earth, perhaps?
@r9m obviously
@r9m hi :D
 
@r9m Well, I didn't study other tools there. Maybe you can find something easy, I don't know.
 
r9m
@Sawarnik -_- ya I went to the smallest moon of Jupiter .. :P
 
12:30 PM
@r9m i meant the earth is mostly hell
@r9m which moon by the way? there are 67 of em :P
 
r9m
@Sawarnik nvm .. I dunno what its called .. and I'm too lazy to google it .. :P
 
@r9m Last night I dreamt I was working on a lot of great questions, one nicer than the other ... but I don't remember anyone of them ... (not this time) :-(
 
@r9m Alright. Quick question. Lets see how fast are you. $P$ is the orthocenter of $ABC$, if $r$ is $4$ and $R$ is $9$, find $PA+PB+PC$.
(and i forgot a :P) :P
 
r9m
@Chris'ssis that indeed feels terrible :P (once I solved a problem in my dreams .. :P lol .. and I remembered the trick after a month from that .. )
 
@r9m it happens .. true .. :(
 
12:46 PM
I am perplex about infinity. Maybe you can help here : astronomy.stackexchange.com/questions/6014/…
 
@r9m Here?
 
@r9m If I were like I see myself in my dreams, I'd pretty famous. I talk, and at the same time I'm amazed by the way I construct the sentences, the words I use. :-)
 
@NicolasBarbulesco I would say there is a limited number of stars in our universe, but then comes another universe at the border of our universe, so the total number of stars goes closer to infinity again.
 
@r9m there is no hard question, all is very simple, and I'm terribly fast in everything I do.
(on that realm of dreams, of course)
 
1:04 PM
@Chris'ssis true :)
 
bears
 
@N3buchadnezzar What happened to our friend Jasper Loy?
 
r9m
@Chris'ssis my dreams are usually timeless (in the sense .. I have never had a dream where I was aware watch or any other standards of measuring time :} )
@Sawarnik depends on tardis :P
 
@r9m tardis?
@Chris'ssis how we dream so complex is really fascinating
 
r9m
@Sawarnik time and relative distance in space :P (although the original T.A.R.D.I.S from Doctor Who is an abbreviation of Time and Relative Dimension in Space) :P
 
1:14 PM
@Sawarnik Indeed. I wish I was the person in my dreams. :-)
 
1:25 PM
@r9m Ooh. So did you do my question? I demand a reply.
 
r9m
@Sawarnik hmm .. not yet :| (sorry I'm cleaning my room. windows and have a lot of tidying up to do)
 
@r9m Really? :O :O .. :P
 
@BalarkaSen ?
 
Hello @Sawarnik
 
1:34 PM
@BalarkaSen Hello :)
 
@Sawarnik Did you come by any fun math in the past few days?
 
@BalarkaSen I have got embroiled in many non-math things recently :(
 
Sad. Oh well.
 
1:50 PM
@robjohn @r9m @DanielFischer @BalarkaSen have you ever seen a closed form for the sum of the reciprocals of the squared catalan numbers?
I think it's a great question ... (my POTD)
 
@Chris'ssis No.
Why do you think it's of interest?
 
@BalarkaSen it has some interesting connections to the hypergeometric function, some values that I possibly met in the past while dealing with some other hard series.
 
Oh?
 
@BalarkaSen I'll check through my stuff to see if I can find those series ... (searching is a very hard job here)
The stuff is all over the place.
 
Yeah searching after you've wrote down your stuffs are like doing dishes after the eating. =P
 
r9m
1:54 PM
@robjohn There is a reverse Holder Inequality by Diaz, Goldman, Metcalf, with bounds slightly different from the bound you proved .. $$\left(\int_0^1 f^p \right)^{1/p} \left(\int_0^1 g^q \right)^{1/q} \le C_p \int_0^1 fg \,dx$$ .. where $M_1 > f > m_1$ and $M_2 > g > m_2$, and $p,q > 1$ are cojugate indices .. where $$C_p = \dfrac{M_1^p M_2^q - m_1^p m_2^q}{(pM_2m_2(M_1M_2^{q-1} - m_1m_2^{q-1}))^{1/p}(qM_1m_1(M_2M_1^{p-1} - m_2m_1^{p-1}))^{1/q}}$$
 
@BalarkaSen lolll, yeah ...
 
@BalarkaSen @Sawarnik Long time.
 
@Parth!
 
r9m
@robjohn ^ mentioned in Mitrinovic Analytic Inequalities book ! (pg 64) .. I haven't seen their original paper .. but the book does not provide a proof of the result
@Chris'ssis You mean $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \dfrac{n^2}{\binom{2n-2}{n-1}^2}$$ ? :)
 
Hurrah I got an interesting problem to think about.
 
2:02 PM
@r9m Yeap. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_number Have you ever met it before?
 
I am going to creep back to where I came from and think the whole day about the transcendence problem.
 
@Chris'ssis You might want to try this algorithm for Catalan numbers. pastebin.com/fsCtBUe1
 
r9m
@Chris'ssis not even in my wildest dreams .. no :P
 
@MatsGranvik Thanks. :-)
 
@BalarkaSen Halloa, how're you?
 
2:05 PM
@MatsGranvik It's implemented in Mathematica as CatalanNumber[n]
 
@Chris'ssis yes I know, but my algorithm is more fun.
 
2:27 PM
@r9m I found another instance of a reverse Hölder inequality with a different constant. I will have to look it up to see if it is the same as that one.
 
r9m
@robjohn okay :)
 
it looks the same actually
@RandomVariable I used the contour of interest finally
 
2:53 PM
@Mats — Let's keep it simple. By "the Universe", I mean : everything which is around us, including us.
 
Hey Guys, in calculus, when are $\partial x$ and $\delta x$ used insted of $dx$?
@NicolasBarbulesco: The word you are searching for is not Universe, it is Phaneron
 
@Nick — These notations are used when you don't know how to write the symbols, so the question is not readable.
 
@Nicolas: Was that a joke?
If it was, then I don't get it.
 
r9m
3:09 PM
@robjohn the discrete version is by Manolova and Docev (mentioned in Mitrinovic: Classical and new inequalities in analysis, pg 125 and the integral version on the following page) .. but without proof .. I haven't seen their original papers either ..
 
3:22 PM
@r9m is their constant like the ones in the cited papers?
 
r9m
3:37 PM
@robjohn yes :) (sorry for the late reply .. my internet is very very slow at the moment .. I'm getting disconnected randomly .. :( .. )
 
3:53 PM
@r9m I've not been losing my connection, but I have been logged out randomly. I go to comment or vote and I get the message that it is not permitted.
 
r9m
@robjohn I was having similar problem today afternoon :| .. random logouts :|
 
@r9m yeah, I have to reload the page and log in. It is annoying if I have answered a question.
The pages don't deal gracefully with a logout while they are open.
 
r9m
@robjohn yeah :{ .. I often (In case of long or detailed answers) write it up on a text file first and later paste it to the answer :)
 
7 hours ago, by ShuklaSannidhya
guys, i have a square matrix $A$ then does $A^{k+1} = A\times A^k$ or $A^{k+1} = A^k \times A$ ?
 
r9m
@ShuklaSannidhya $A^{k+1} = A \times A^k = A^k \times A$ ..
 
4:04 PM
oh wait. I don't think that holds.
 
r9m
@ShuklaSannidhya wait .. by $\times$ you mean the matrix multiplication right ?
 
r9m
then there is no problem I guess :) .. kinda definition of $A^k$
 
@r9m definition of $A^k$ ?
matrix multiplication is not commutative. So how come $A \times A^k = A^k \times A$? There's got be some proof for it, right?
 
r9m
@ShuklaSannidhya but matrix multiplication is associative right ? :)
 
4:17 PM
so how do we prove it?
 
r9m
did you check Wiki or something similar ? (my internet is so slow atm I can't even load the google page :( .. )
 
@r9m the answer is not deleted, even if I am logged out. If I have to reload the page, I simply copy the answer text before I reload so that I can paste it if needed after the reload.
@ShuklaSannidhya matrix multiplication is associative, from which you can prove that $A^kA=AA^k$
It can be shown that if $A$ and $B$ have the same eigenvectors, then $AB=BA$ (this is just a side remark, we won't use this to prove the assertion above)
Suppose that we define $A^k=A^{k-1}A$. Then we need to prove that $A^k=AA^{k-1}$
We know that $A^1=AA^0$
Suppose we know for some $k$ that $A^k=AA^{k-1}$, then by definition $A^{k+1}=A^kA=(AA^{k-1})A=A(A^{k-1}A)=AA^k$
 
induction!
 
@ShuklaSannidhya Indeed
 
4:56 PM
Hello
 
Is it possible to get from here to Zeta(3)?
$$\frac{\pi ^2}{6} = \lim_{s\to 0} \, \frac{\psi ^{(0)}(\exp (s))+\gamma }{s}$$
Mathematica:
Limit[s^-1 (EulerGamma + PolyGamma[0, Exp[s]]), s -> 0]
 
5:16 PM
@MatsGranvik Why would that get us to $\zeta(3)$?
 
@robjohn Because the starting point I used gives the sequence of Harmonic numbers when not exponentiating s with n.
Clear[n, s]
Monitor[Table[
Limit[Integrate[((s^n + 1)^(-n - 1) + s - 1)/s, s], s -> 0], {n, 0,
8}], n]
Table[Sum[1/(k*(k + n)), {k, 1, Infinity}], {n, 0, 8}]
But there is something binary about this formula. Or binary is the wrong word, it likes periodic sequences of period 2 or period 1.
no wait I think I found out how
Clear[n]
Monitor[Table[
Limit[Integrate[((s^n^2 + 1)^(-n - 1) + s - 1)/s, s], s -> 0], {n,
0, 8}], n]
Table[Sum[1/(k^2*(k + n)), {k, 1, Infinity}], {n, 0, 8}]
I correct that I did not.
 
Hello @Alyosha
 
Hello again.
 
Having fun with Alekseev?
 
I'm doing topology today, I do algebra every other day
Else I wouldn't get any analysis/topology done.
 
5:25 PM
Yuck topology.
 
I quite like it
Though am only doing trivial stuff at the moment
 
What are you doing?
 
Hi
 
Basic things about Hausdorff spaces.
What are you doing?
 
Some comm. alg. and algebraic number theory stuffs.
 
5:33 PM
Excellent
 
@DanielFischer don't feed the troll
 
@Alyosha I still have theory of equations as one of my favourites though.
 
Theory of which equations?
 
Theory of equations is a branch. About polynomials.
 
Oh yes.
If you're given an arbitrary function like sine or exp, is there a general method for determining the minimum number of points in the Cartesian plane that we force the curve to pass through that uniquely determines the curve?
 
5:39 PM
@DanielFischer I thought the guy is a crackpot but his gibberish is from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Sontag
 
@Alyosha I'd have to toss a coin. Not my cup of tea.
 
@G.T.R That's not a contradiction.
 
@Alyosha Finite number of points won't work
 
For what?
 
@Alyosha it won't determine any curve; even real-analytic
 
5:42 PM
@Alyosha Lagrange interpolation ?
 
@Nimza So you're saying that finite number of points won't determine any curve?
 
I think you may misunderstand, I meant that you are already given the form of the curve.
For instance, three points uniquely determine a circle.
 
And five does a conic.
Nine does an elliptic curve
 
ah, you're speaking about algebraic curves!
 
@Nimza What were you thinking of?
 
5:44 PM
@BalarkaSen something more bad)
 
I'm fairly sure that given $a+b exp(cx)$ and a finite number of points, $a,b,c$ could be determined.
Obviously there are triplets of points that the curve never passes through.
 
what about the inverse function theorem in this case? $n$ points in general position for $n$-parameter curve in general position
 
Dow do you calculate the parameter of the curve?
 
e.g. using Newton's numerical method?
 
Numerical methods never reveal much interesting maths.
It seems that there is not a general method, I will ask on main at some point.
 
5:54 PM
in transcendental world there are nothing good to expect
@Alyosha btw are you from mechmat? (I'm asking because of your name :)
 
6:26 PM
@MatsGranvik Since $\psi(1)=-\gamma$, what you have written there is $\psi'(1)=\zeta(2)$. We do have that $\psi''(1)=-2\zeta(3)$
2
In fact, $\psi^{(n)}(1)=(-1)^{n+1}n!\zeta(n+1)$
 
6:49 PM
@robjohn I starred your message unintentionally, anyways I need to find a recurrence that gives a generalization of powers of a number as row sums of a lower triangular matrix. Then I might get to integrals that give zeta(2), zeta(3) and so on.
 
Hello all.
 
7:26 PM
There are not enough sequences in the oeis to solve this.
 
8:18 PM
Hi @AWertheim
 
 
2 hours later…
10:47 PM
@Nimza i strongly disagree.
transcendental world is precisely where the great things lie.
 
@BalarkaSen That's Nirvana.
 
Nirvana?
 
@BalarkaSen Ever heard of the Buddha?
 
Sure I did.
 
So according to the legends, when the souls have been reborn often enough to reach maturity, they get to Nirvana (meaning: Poof, they vanish). The transcendental world.
 
10:52 PM
Whoa @DanielFischer, you couldn't possibly have studied Buddhism, could you?
 
@BalarkaSen Not really. For one, I don't believe that there is such a thing as a "soul".
 
Me neither.
 
But as far as religions go, Buddhism has a couple of the more sympathetic.
 
Guys
I did the low hanging fruit again
 
11:02 PM
@N3buchadnezzar You what?
 
I answered a low hanging fruit ._.
 
@N3buchadnezzar Normally, it's Jasper's job to announce that in chat.
 
@DanielFischer How do you explain all the soul musicians then ?
 
@N3buchadnezzar Such as? There's only Rhythm & Blues.
 
@DanielFischer I know he has been missing for a few weeks now. Someone has to do the job in the mean time. Any idea where he went?
 
11:03 PM
And Rock & Roll.
 
@N3buchadnezzar Dunno. Deleted his accounts once again. Let's see if/when he returns.
 
@DanielFischer I think he left some time after the deletion if I remember correctly. Btw who is the 900 pushups guy? I can not keep track of all the name changes that goes around.
 
Mr. Angry/Hungry
 
@N3buchadnezzar Was "This is much healthier" before, "words that end in GRY" before that. And it's sit-ups, not pushups.
 
11:06 PM
pushups haha
 
@DanielFischer And before that?
 
Heavens knows what.
 
Geesh. These kids with their name changes, hopety hip and their wuba wuba music.
 
@N3buchadnezzar With this account, it was user(some number I couldn't remember if I would) first.
 
Thanks
@DanielFischer What is the difference between a piano, a tuna and a pot of glue?
 
11:13 PM
@N3buchadnezzar Pianos don't smell bad.
 
@N3buchadnezzar Einstein : It's all relative.
 
@DanielFischer You can tuna piano, but you can not piano a tuna.
 
Uuuuuuuuuuh
 
Wonderful one.
 
@BalarkaSen it's so stupid to expect an explicit formula for parameters of a transcedental curve in general case given finite number of points on it
 
11:15 PM
@Nimza I'll keep out of anything that has a "curve" written on it.
 
@BalarkaSen I think y'all forgot something..
 
@BalarkaSen what? my talk with Alyosha was about identifying parameters of a curve given finite number of points on it
nothing good meant no explicit formula
 
@Nimza I know, but I am just disagreeing on the point that numerical methods are always better to evaluate solutions of transcendental equations.
of course there are no explicit formulas, but that doesn't stop one having interesting transcendence properties.
 
yes
 
@N3buchadnezzar The pot of glue?
2
 
11:18 PM
@BalarkaSen I knew you'd get stuck there
 
@N3buchadnezzar I ain't sticking anything.
 
Pot of glue, stuck sight. Funny?
 
Not more than the comathematician joke.
 
@BalarkaSen Knock Knock
 
11:20 PM
Who's there?
 
I eat mop
 
Thats not how it goes :p
 
11:27 PM
But cool.
 
@BalarkaSen 0K ?
 

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