The Periodic Table

Shadock

12:00 AM

Because when I click on nothing happends

nhinkle

Ostensibly those are tags on the site relevant to the chat room

Click on them on the sidebar

Shadock

Oh ok

nhinkle

On smaller sites the chat room tags are practically useless and typically used just as a joke. They're really only useful on SO where they practically have a chat room for every programming language

ringo

That would be something... A chat room for every branch of chemistry

nhinkle

Alas there are not that many users

Even on SU, which is ~ the 3rd largest site on the network, we only really have 1 main chat room

Shadock

12:02 AM

Every branch of chemistry lol

There are too much

Loong

@ringo we got both kinds. We got country and western.

2

Classic Movie Line #5

►

Shadock

Lmao

youtube.com/watch?v=kQFKtI6gn9Y this is one of my favourite

Well good night all

Felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas

Kurzd

1:36 AM

I believe I have the silliest coupling constant question. It prolly doesn't even deserve a post

CowperKettle

3:21 AM

how the industry would call aliphatic amines with long chains, as produced by a plant?

"long-chain aliphatic amines"?

"The shop produces higher aliphatic amines"?

or "big molecular weight aliphatic amines"?

(I've translated a short news piece on modernization of a long-chain aliphatic amines shop at a Russian plant)

I always feel awkward translating it as 'shop', but 'department' seems too overblown. After all, usually it's one building only.

"Higher aliphatic amines" elicits only 65 google-hits

@Shadock Nice!

CowperKettle

4:59 AM

> There was an awful rainbow once in heaven:
We know her woof, her texture; she is given
In the dull catalogue of common things.
Philosophy will clip an Angel's wings,
Conquer all mysteries by rule and line,
Empty the haunted air, and gnomed mine

PhMgBr

5:34 AM

@CowperKettle The industry wouldn't call anything aliphatic IMO.

The only people I've seen use it are people with some background in chemistry.

@Kurzd That's exactly why you should post it!

CowperKettle

6:02 AM

@PhMgBr Well, the Russian industry does call it that way. The press-release says "shop producing higher aliphatic amines". How would a Western company announce a renovation of such a shop? "We are renovating a shop producing rainbow-pooping unicorns"? (0:

I've lived in the Urals too long. I'm using poop humour.

("Spider-Man in a Russian village")

("It's okay, guys, don't bother. I'll walk home allright")

Freddy

something similar

CowperKettle

@Freddy Wow. Great! Hindi Russi bhai bhai

Freddy

6:18 AM

hahahaha always ;)

PhMgBr

6:41 AM

@CowperKettle Well, I'd wager a bet western industry is less literate.

@Brian did you notice how Ben grabbed the lead and started the petition for the first canon?

user116211

7:24 AM

@CowperKettle Cowper is Russo-Indian ;P

PhMgBr

@Cowp could you have a talk with people on RU.SO's chat?

The flags are becoming annoying.

PhMgBr

8:12 AM

0

Q: this is related to electrochemistry

Aqueous copper sulphate soln and aq. silver nitrate are electrolyzed by 1 ampere current for 10 min in separate electrolytic cells. will the mass of the copper and silver deposited on the cathode be same or different?

electrochemistry

BEST TITLE EVER CC @Mart

CowperKettle

8:26 AM

Why should energy be released during the hydration of lithium?

(trying to understand an answer)

7

A: Why is Lithium the strongest reducing agent, and not Cesium?

The trend in the reducing power of the alkali metals is not a simple linear trend, so it is a little disingenuous if I were to solely talk about $\ce{Li}$ and $\ce{Cs}$, implying that data for the metals in the middle can be interpolated. $$\begin{array}{cc} \hline \ce{M} & E(\ce{M+}/\ce{M}) \\ ...

PhMgBr

@CowperKettle Energy is released during the hydration of almost any compound.

(I can't remember any exceptions, though maybe it's wrong to generalize)

It says the energy is a lot because of the charge density on lithium.

Think of it like this: Lithium feels more cozy when water molecules surround it and the charge is spread over the whole complex than Na.

CowperKettle

nods

I'll finish the textbook and then go deeper.

80 pages left.

Thanks!

PhMgBr

8:45 AM

\o/

user116211

\\o//

user116211

!!greet/@wythagoras

Chemobot

Welcome to The Periodic Table @wythagoras! Here are our chat guidelines and it's recommended that you read them. If you want to turn Mathjax on, follow the instructions in this answer. Happy chatting!

Hippalectryon

@PhMgBr o/

PhMgBr

\o

Freddy

9:30 AM

heya o/

Hippalectryon

\o/

PhMgBr

\o

user116211

\\o//

Hippalectryon

@PhMgBr The pdf is uploading

@PhMgBr dropbox.com/s/13b8h6rq4fi2xya/scan_translated.pdf?dl=0

Chemobot

10

Q: Difference in the functioning of alkaline and acidified KMnO4

What is the difference in the functioning of alkaline and acidified $\ce{KMnO4}$ as a reagent in organic chemistry? E.g., in the oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid, we use acidified $\ce{KMnO4}$ and not alkaline $\ce{KMnO4}$. Why?

organic-chemistry redox

PhMgBr

9:41 AM

@Hippalectryon Downloading

CowperKettle

10:13 AM

Chemobot posted a link all by itself?

Hippalectryon

@CowperKettle He posts a daily question.. well, daily

PhMgBr

10:25 AM

@CowperKettle Remember the daily command?

It posts a fairly high voted question everyday.

If I give the daily command, it will restart the timer and post the question right now.

CowperKettle

10:36 AM

I see.

Why do we need a diaphragm in an electrolysis vessel?

Between the cathode and the anode.

Loong

@CowperKettle You don't always need one. But in some cases, you have to separate the products.

CowperKettle

10:55 AM

I see. Thanks!

> The diaphragm prevents the reaction of the caustic soda with the chlorine.

(in the chloralkali process)

Loong

@CowperKettle yes, for example

CowperKettle

11:10 AM

I wonder what the logic behind this is: why Cl- are weaker electron-holders than OH-

Loong

4

Q: Why is chloride oxidised instead of water in copper chloride electrolysis?

For the Electrolysis of Copper Chloride: Cathode: $\ce{Cu^{2+} + 2e- <=> Cu}$ Anode: $\ce{2Cl <=> Cl2 + 2e- }$ I am confused about the reaction taking place at the anode. Wouldn't $\ce{H2O}$ rather undergo oxidation since it has an increased reducing ability? eg. It is above $\ce{2Cl-}$ on th...

electrochemistry redox electrons electrolysis

CowperKettle

Thank you, @Loong!

Brian

@PhMgBr No, I hadn't seen that yet. Cool.

I've got one in the works dealing with acid-base equilibrium.

Is it appropriate to make a 'Table of Contents' meta post for these canon questions?

(once there's more than one of them, anyways)

CowperKettle

11:47 AM

I don't get why pH is increased during the electrolysis of CuCl2

My textbook indicates that Cl- oxidises more readily than OH-.

So that is not so.

OH- oxidises more readily, but some particular conditions prevent it from oxidising in a particular environment.

Hippalectryon

@CowperKettle uh ? The electrolysis produces H^+

CowperKettle

Hippalectryon

Cu2+(aq) + H2O(l) = Cu(s) +½ O2(g) + 2 H+(aq)

That's the electrolysis I know

CowperKettle

H2O separates into H+ and OH-, then Cu2+ has priority to get into Cu form

Since Cu2+ is more active than H+

Cl- loses an electron, now it's Cl

Why should there appear H+ ions ?

Hippalectryon

Hmm I'm not sure ._.

Loong

12:03 PM

@CowperKettle That reaction is more important for the chloralkali process (where you don't have copper). In theory, as long as you are only reducing Cu2+, there is no production of hydrogen and OH-.

However, during actual electrolysis of aqueous solutions at significant currents, you will always have some production of hydrogen.

CowperKettle

But won't some OH- also oxidise to water and oxygen?

Loong

@CowperKettle yes, at higher pH (i.e. higher concentration of OH-), the oxidation of OH- to O2 is possible and can be even preferred over oxidation of Cl- to Cl2 (depending on concentration and overpotential).

CowperKettle

I see. It's all complicated.

Loong

12:20 PM

@CowperKettle but you have a point there. My last sentence can be misleading when you still only think of the reduction of copper solutions (without considering any production of hydrogen).

That remark was actually borrowed from an explanation of the chloralkali process where hydrogen is obviously the main product.

CowperKettle

Nice!

Loong

Does this answer your comment?

CowperKettle

I've already forgotten what I meant to say in that remark. I'm reading about the hydrolysis of CuSO4. O_o ANd having trouble understanding that.

But I guess it does. (0:

Loong

ok, I should edit my answer accordingly

CowperKettle

> H2O - 4e --->> O2 (gas) + 4H+

(I'm trying to understand this now)

So, water dissociates into H+ and OH-

Then, at the anode, OH- loses its electron, becoming OH

Or no?

Now we have H+ floating around, and OH

How will O2 appear?

Would not 4OH just combine into 2H2O + O2(gas)?

Ah, they just forgot to write that H2O in the equation.

They indicated that the overall solution will have an abudance of H+

Here we'll have to cordon off Cu with some membrane, because otherwise the evolved H2SO4 will oxidise it again.

Very complex..

CowperKettle

12:59 PM

This scheme seems to contain a typo.

Brian

@nhinkle @Loong @Hipp Should we change it to Spanish for the day, considering?

@CowperKettle Not in acidic solution. There isn't enough OH- for that reaction to proceed very fast at all.

Those schematics aren't particularly good. For me, at least, they're more confusing than helpful.

Loong

Bedazzled Spanish Scene

►

CowperKettle

@Loong What movie is this?

Hello, My name is Inigo Montoya....

►

Loong

@CowperKettle imdb.com/title/tt0230030

CowperKettle

Thanks!

@Brian They are beginner-level.

sighs

Brian

1:11 PM

@CowperKettle What are they trying to teach?

General electrochemical reactions?

CowperKettle

@Brian basics of electrolysis

The chapter is titled "Basic methods of producing metals. Electrolysis"

Brian

Hmm, focused more on electroplating/electrorefining, then.

CowperKettle

nods

Brian

Yeah, those schematics are pretty bad.

In aqueous solution, water can always be electrolyzed at both electrodes.

It isn't always, but it can be.

The water reactions differ depending on solution pH

In acidic solutions, H+ is reduced at the cathode to H2.

And H2O is oxidized at the anode to O2.

CowperKettle

This could be mentioned further down the line in the textbook.

nods

Brian

1:16 PM

Essentially, the species that participate are either water, or one of H+ (acidic) or OH- (alkaline)

Chloride is readily oxidized to chlorine at most anodes.

(The chlorine then equilibrates with hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid.)

!!wiki/hypochlorite

Chemobot

Hypochlorite

In chemistry, hypochlorite is an ion composed of chlorine and oxygen, with the chemical formula ClO−. It can combine with a number of counter ions to form hypochlorites, which may also be regarded as the salts of hypochlorous acid. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) and calcium hypochlorite (bleaching powder, swimming pool "chlorine"). Hypochlorites are frequently quite unstable in their pure forms and for this reason are normally handled as aqueous solutions. Their primary applications are as bleaching, disinfection and water treatment agents but they are also used...

Brian

Metals electroplate by reduction at the cathode, but only as long as the half-cell potential of the plating reaction is less than or comparable to the water reduction half-cell potential.

(Otherwise all the electrons just go to converting water into hydrogen)

CowperKettle

nods

Brian

You can sometimes predict whether a metal will plate by looking at !!wiki/standard reduction potentials

Chemobot

Standard electrode potential

In electrochemistry, the standard electrode potential, abbreviated E° or E⦵ (with a superscript plimsoll character, pronounced "standard" or "nought"), is the measure of individual potential of a reversible electrode at standard state, which is with solutes at an effective concentration of 1 mol dm−3, and gases at a pressure of 1 atm. The reduction potential is an intensive property. The values are most often tabulated at 25 °C. The basis for an electrochemical cell such as the galvanic cell is always a redox reaction which can be broken down into two half-reactions: oxidation at anode (loss of...

Brian

1:20 PM

But the ordering of the half-cell potentials at practically useful applied currents can deviate dramatically from the thermodynamic ideal values

So, you don't plate potassium metal because its reduction potential is way more cathodic than water's

But, copper's reduction half-cell potential is very low, so it happily plates.

CowperKettle

> In acidic solutions, H+ is reduced at the cathode to H2.

Because there is too much H+ floating about?

Loong

@CowperKettle please check my edit to the answer :-)

CowperKettle

@Loong Thank you for the edit!

Brian

@CowperKettle Close: There's enough H+ floating about that the $\ce{2H+ + 2e- -> H2}$ reaction is more favorable than one involving H2O directly.

CowperKettle

I thought that reduction always involves those few H+ that are dissociated in water in normal condition.

I did not thought that it involves whole H2O molecules.

Brian

1:25 PM

Sometimes it does, sometimes it doesn't

The H+ reaction is a lot more facile than one involving H2O

But there's a MUCH higher concentration of H2O than of H+ in neutral/alkaline solution

CowperKettle

So the cathode can directly push electrons into water, forcing it to dissociate.

Brian

55M versus, e.g., 1e-7 M

@CowperKettle Yep.

Loong

@CowperKettle do you remember this?

2 days ago, by CowperKettle

It turns out protons are hopping this way.

CowperKettle

Nice.

Brian

But, as you might imagine, it's a lot "harder to do" than just push electrons onto protons.

CowperKettle

1:26 PM

@Loong Yes, I recall the nice picture! (0:

Brian

(well, technically, onto $\ce{H3O+}$'s or the other solvated proton forms, but whatever.)

CowperKettle

nods

Loong

@CowperKettle Thus, in effect, H+ can travel much faster to the electrode than any other cation.

Brian

@orthocresol Me too! I've gotten pretty good at Tina and Coin Song (FFVI, I think?)

CowperKettle

@Loong Somehow the bulky $\ce{Cu^{2+}}$ travels faster

(darn formatting, heh)

Brian

1:30 PM

@CowperKettle No, it's not faster -- the reaction requires too low of a potential for water to be reduced

CowperKettle

Ah.

Brian

Copper wants to be $\ce{Cu^0}$ more than $\ce{H+}$ wants to be $\ce{H_2}$, effectively.

CowperKettle

I'm in a real chemistry classroom.

nods

I see. H+ are close to the cathode, but they do not bother to reduce themselves.

Great explanations, thank you.

Brian

Yep. The activation energy of the H+ reduction remains higher than that of the Cu2+ reduction, and so the Cu2+ reduction is favored.

tips hat

CowperKettle

(0:

Brian

1:34 PM

Is what this whole geegaw is here for, as I understand it.

CowperKettle

> gewgaw: a small thing that has little value

> First Known Use: circa 1529

Brian

BTW: @Mart @Loong @ortho @penta @PhMgBr @pH13-YetanotherPhilipp, I would like to shamelessly promote my CCCBDB community ad:

3

A: Community Promotion Ads - 2016

Loong

@Brian flagged as spam ;-D

pH13 - Yet another Philipp

!!spam

Chemobot

Loong

1:38 PM

@Chemobot flagged as spam spam

CowperKettle

1:50 PM

@Brian I wonder what that means.

Cl2 exists in an equilibrioum with ClO-?

Brian

@Loong :-D

CowperKettle

Electrochlorination

Electrochlorination is the process of producing hypochlorite by running an electric current through salt water. This is used to disinfect water and make it safe for human use, such as for drinking water or swimming pools. == Process == The processes involved in electrochlorination are actually rather simple. The main idea involved is the electrolysis of water to produce a chlorinated solution. This happens when saltwater is inserted into electrolyzer cells. The first step is removing the solid excess from the saltwater. Next, as the saltwater runs it is streamed through a channel of decreasing...

Brian

@CowperKettle Yep, this is exactly right.

If you acidify bleach, it makes chlorine gas.

(Suggestion: Don't acidify bleach.)

CowperKettle

(0:

NaClO + H2SO4 -->> Cl2(gas)?

Brian

ClO- + H+ --> HClO

And then:

HClO + Cl− + H+ ⇌ Cl2 + H2O

see here

I guess HClO requires chloride and acid to convert to Cl2

CowperKettle

1:59 PM

nods

Thank you for the explanation, Brian!

I've got to go for awhile.

BBL!

Brian

Have a good one!

ringo

I'll never understand the magic formula that makes a post popular

Hippalectryon

@ringo It's something like $\frac{PhMgBr^2}{\log(Loong)-Martin-マーチン}$ :P

user116211

@Hippalectryon \textrm ;_;

Hippalectryon

$\frac{\textrm{PhMgBr}^2}{\log(\textrm{Loong})-\textrm{Martin-マーチン}}$

user116211

2:12 PM

@ringo How can I explain ....... to a seven-years old/five-years old/ toddler?

user116211

The question would be an instant hit.....

user116211

@Hippalectryon :))

Hippalectryon

@MAFIA36790 How can I explain the magic formula that makes a post popular to a seven years old ?

user116211

yeh...

user116211

My answer:

ringo

2:14 PM

@Hippalectryon I feel like that's been asked before

user116211

> Well, wait! Time would answer at the correct time.

user116211

Hmm... why is there a constant flickering of dotted horizontal line in the bottom of my screen ;_;

StrongBad

Is there an easy way to calculate the density of a sugar-water solution (say fructose at room temperature)?

Hippalectryon

It depends on how much sugar you've put in the water. Is it saturated ?

StrongBad

@Hippalectryon no say 100 g of sugar per 1000 g of water

Hippalectryon

2:23 PM

@StrongBad That would correspond to a density of 1.03 g/cm^3 (or 1Kg/L)

StrongBad

@Hippalectryon how do you get that answer though?

Hippalectryon

@StrongBad Let $m_1$ be the mass of water, $m_2$ the mass of sugar, $\rho_1$ the density of water, $\rho_2$ the density of sugar. Then the density of the mixture is by definition $\rho=\frac{m_1+m_2}{\textrm{total volume}}=\dfrac{m_1+m_2}{\frac{m_1}{\rho 1}+\frac{m_2}{\rho 2}}$

StrongBad

@Hippalectryon isn't that just saying $\rho=\frac{m_1+m_2}{v_1+v_2}$. I thought that because it was a solution the total volume decreased.

Not really decreased but was less than v_1+v_2.

Hippalectryon

@StrongBad Oh, yeah that's if you want a more precise result, but for practical applications it's neglibigle.

But you're right

@StrongBad Actually I'm just reading a bit about it : it might not be that neglible, unlike what i thought

Various "home experiments" seems to show that the actual volume will be around 3/4 of the sum of the volumes

StrongBad

@Hippalectryon Once the solution is saturated the volumes just add when you add more sugar. If it is not saturated, I am pretty sure the deviation it is not negligible.

Loong

2:34 PM

@StrongBad you could use tabulated values, e.g. chemistry.mdma.ch/hiveboard/rhodium/pdf/chemical-data/…

StrongBad

@Hippalectryon yes, but I was curious if there is an "exact" answer.

Brian

@Hippalectryon This is not a reliable equation

Hippalectryon

@Brian Yeah as pointed out by @StrongBad

Brian

<nod>

StrongBad

@Brian is there a reliable, and relatively simple, equation?

Brian

2:42 PM

@Loong is right -- AFAIK pretty much the only reliable way is to search out experimental data

Just like with anything, there are probably some rules of thumb

But: No, there's no reliable and simple equation

(I don't think)

StrongBad

@Brian I was planning on using tabulated data, but just wanted to make sure I wasn't missing anything easy.

Thanks

Brian

In theory you could probably use quantum calculations to figure it out, but I don't know of anyone who's even attempted it -- the systems would be huge.

orthocresol

i mean, there's probably some equation somewhere that describes it, but to get actual numbers you would have to plug in some empirically derived constant or something

Loong

yes, you could find a simple arbitrary curve that has the best fit to the series of data points

StrongBad

@orthocresol I found this paper pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/je060310i (don't have access) which made me think it is probably not easy

Loong

2:47 PM

"Sugar Solutions with the SAFT Model" :-D

translate: Saft

(from German) Juice

:-D

orthocresol

@StrongBad drive.google.com/file/d/0B0GATVY1ly6caUFFTS1tNXlPdFU/…

StrongBad

@Loong the authors are from China so I am not sure if it was intentional or not ...

orthocresol

We all know juice has a lot of sugar in it

So, juice is a sugar solution

Hippalectryon

I'd like water juice please

Loong

3:05 PM

a simple second-oder polynomal regression is sufficient in this case

CowperKettle

I wonder why Google gives only 66 results for "higher aliphatic amines".

Hippalectryon

I get about 8,290

and 443 on google scholar

CowperKettle

But with the quotation marks, I get only 66. Google is tricky. It often gives an over-optimistic estimate until you use quotation marks and until you go to the last page in the search.

But yes, Scholar does give about 400 results.

Thanks!

Hippalectryon

I used the quotations mark too. Without them I had 100k+ results

CowperKettle

Then my Google is strange.

Hippalectryon

3:19 PM

@CowperKettle We probably just don't have the same settings

CowperKettle

nods

user116211

Does Google yield different results for the same thing in different countries?

Hippalectryon

@MAFIA36790 Depends of your google search default settings

user116211

@Hippalectryon AhA! In so many years, I never knew such settings exist ;_;

user116211

Okay, I know there exists settings; but I never tapped it ;(

Hippalectryon

3:29 PM

@MAFIA36790 I need them :P otherwise all my results would be in French

user116211

!!flip/mafia

Chemobot

◟(`ﮧ´ ◟ )ɯɐɟᴉɐ

user116211

@Hippalectryon o.O

Hippalectryon

._. that's a failed flip

user116211

You don't know French?

Hippalectryon

3:31 PM

I'm French. But most of the interesting stuff out there is in English

user116211

ooh.

user116211

Okay, my laptop is really annoying me...

user116211

1 hour ago, by MAFIA36790

Hmm... why is there a constant flickering of dotted horizontal line in the bottom of my screen ;_;

CowperKettle

My Google constantly gives me results in Russian even though I need English texts

CowperKettle

4:03 PM

Good evening, Muhammad!

I saw you descend from the sky just after me.

@MAFIA36790 Something with the screen, or with the OS?

Today I first read about electrolysis, and I understand why you dislike it, @PhMgBr - it's quite complicated. O_o

> A note from a teacher to the father: "Today during the recess, your son engaged in a fight with another boy. I placed a bet on your son and won 50 rubles. Thank you."

Hippalectryon

@PhMgBr Any idea of the mechanism of the reaction between cyclooctatetraene and malonic acid ?

wait not that

What's this called again ?

CowperKettle

anhidride

Maleic anhydride

Maleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula C2H2(CO)2O. It is the acid anhydride of maleic acid. It is a colorless or white solid with an acrid odor. It is produced industrially on a large scale for applications in coatings and polymers. == Production == Maleic anhydride was traditionally produced by the oxidation of benzene or other aromatic compounds. As of 2006, only a few smaller plants continue to use benzene. Instead, most maleic anhydride is produced by vapor-phase oxidation of n-butane. The overall process converts the methyl groups to carboxylate and dehydrogenates t...

Hippalectryon

Thanks.

CowperKettle

No prob. (0:

Hippalectryon

What's the mechanism of the reaction between cyclooctatetraene and maleic acid ?

user116211

4:17 PM

@CowperKettle Hmm.... I'm not getting... this is new; 'm using Win7 in HP.

Loong

@Hippalectryon Diels-Alder

Hippalectryon

@Loong But some weird stuff happens. It's not exactly a Dield-Alder

A cycle with 4 carbons is created too

I've tried some weird electron moves but nothing good worked for me

Ah, now that I know the good reagant's name I'll probably fine some article on it

Yeah nvm it's clear now :-)

Loong

@Hippalectryon janson.documentation.free.fr/Accueil/Professeurs/VIGNERON/PCE_2/…

Hippalectryon

@Loong That's what I just used :P

Loong

:-)

Hippalectryon

4:37 PM

@Loong If a reaction has a rate of $p\in R^+$ towards a reagent R, the function $\textrm{initial speed}=f([R]_0)$ is proportional to $[R]_0^p$ right ?

user116211

0

Q: 800 pounds of epson bath salts

800 pounds of epson bath salts more is required to achieve a floating buoyancy effect in water. Popularly used for the sensory deprivation tank (Float tank) with very little gravity acting on the body of whoever lies down in the water. Is there any known scientific ways of making this 800 pounds ...

physical-chemistry

user116211

Is OP asking a valid conceptual query?

PhMgBr

5:01 PM

@MAFIA36790 Dang, that really looks like markov chains.

CowperKettle

5:17 PM

Markov chain

A Markov chain (discrete-time Markov chain or DTMC), named after Andrey Markov, is a random process that undergoes transitions from one state to another on a state space. It must possess a property that is usually characterized as "memorylessness": the probability distribution of the next state depends only on the current state and not on the sequence of events that preceded it. This specific kind of "memorylessness" is called the Markov property. Markov chains have many applications as statistical models of real-world processes. == Introduction == A Markov chain is a stochastic process with the...

O_o

PhMgBr

@Brian Flags as redundant I already upvoted that.

@CowperKettle Go to charcoal SE chat, and watch for the next spam post to come in. Then try to understand it. Then realize markov chains is the method spammer bots use to produce "artificial" content.

You can also check out FlackOverstow

CowperKettle

> Markov processes can also be used to generate superficially real-looking text

I see.

Hippalectryon

@PhMgBr A reagent doesn't necessarily have a partial kinetic order right ?

PhMgBr

@Hippalectryon left

Hippalectryon

uh.. does that mean I'm wrong ?

PhMgBr

5:21 PM

No.

Hippalectryon

But I'm not right since I'm left ._.

PhMgBr

i.e. you're right.

Hippalectryon

However, doesn't one say that the only one left is always right ?

uh ._.

2pun4me

Anyway, thanks :-) Basically I had a question "look at this curve that looks like an arctan, it's initial speed=f(initial concentration), what can you say on the partial order ?" and I just wanted to answer it didn't exist since it converges

PhMgBr

!!greet/@StrongBad

Chemobot

Welcome to The Periodic Table @StrongBad! Here are our chat guidelines and it's recommended that you read them. If you want to turn Mathjax on, follow the instructions in this answer. Happy chatting!

PhMgBr

5:22 PM

Sorry for the belated welcome!

@Hippalectryon Diels Alder, mayhaps

@CowperKettle It's not that complicated. But unless you get to some practical stuff, it's BS.

Hippalectryon

@PhMgBr Ah yeah we solved it with the caterpillar. It's not exactly D-A (there's a weird rearrangement before)

PhMgBr

Hence the mayhaps.

And who's Caterpillar?

Hippalectryon

Well, caterpillars are very loooooong :-D

PhMgBr

Aha.

Well, I should flag you as offensive.

Calling a dragon a caterpillar.

Hippalectryon

._. Loong the dragonpillar ?

Loong!

Loong!

Loong was a caterpillar

I mean, he was a dragon caterpillar

Or maybe he was just a dragon

But he was still Loong!

Loong!

Loong!

Burninating the countryside,

Burninating the peasants

Burninating all the peoples

And their thatched-roof cottages!
Thatched-roof cottages!

Whoa, this has wicked dueling guitar solos

It's like squeedly versus meedley over here

Go squeedly!

Go squeedly!!

Squeedly wins!!!

When all the land is in ruins

And burnination has forsaken the countryside

Loong

5:27 PM

???

Hippalectryon

For some reason dragonpillars just remind me of Trogdor ._.

Loong

@Hippalectryon says the hybrid of a hippo and an electron.

CowperKettle

@PhMgBr I don't think I'll get to practical electrolysing, but it's complicated to me even on a BS level

PhMgBr

@CowperKettle Nah, you won't feel this way a bit later.

That's the nature of this lesson.

You study it, then think you haven't got it, but you have.

Brian

5:56 PM

@PhMgBr Mmph, well, them's the risks of spam. I hope I have not sacrificed too much of the goodwill of the community...

@CowperKettle Electrochemistry is a really deep rabbit hole, though. Many, many new layers of subtlety and complexity to learn, as you get further into it.

But each level of understanding is comprehensible enough.

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