Indian English is the group of English dialects, or regional language varieties, spoken primarily on the Indian subcontinent. According to the 2001 Census of India, almost all Indians who speak English are second language speakers. According to the 2005 India Human Development Survey, the surveyed households reported that 72 per cent of men did not speak any English, 28 per cent spoke some English, and five per cent spoke fluent English. Among women, the corresponding percentages were 83, 17, and 3.
English language public instruction began in India in the 1830s during the rule of the East India...